Author: Yarhouse, Mark A.

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 291-292

Abstract: The article discusses various reports published within the issue, including one by Robert Gagnon about homosexuality and sexual identity, and another by Heather Looy on the relationship between gender identity and sexual attraction.

Author: Gagnon, Robert A. J.

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 293-303

Abstract: Scripture makes a distinction between intense biological ‘orientations’ people experience and the identity that is available to them ‘in Christ’. Indeed, Christians have in the cross the ultimate paradigm of self-denial. A person’s experience of a ‘homosexual orientation’ is no exception to the distinction made between biologically-based besetting conditions and self-identity revealed and constructed by God in Christ. Scripture affirms male and female as complementary sexual counterparts. Exclusive same-sex attractions cannot be given greater weight than the commands of God and should not be integrated into a homosexual identity. This article ends with three additional scriptural principles for clinical practice.

Authors: Jones, Stanton L.; Kwee, Alex W.

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 304-316

Abstract: Contemporary scientific findings are selectively reviewed to ascertain if recent research necessitates altering the conclusion of Jones and Yarhouse (2000) that scientific arguments fail to warrant overturning the Church’s traditional teaching about homosexuality. Reviewing the findings in six key areas of etiological research, we conclude that findings of biological causation of homosexuality are not unequivocal, while there is suggestive but similarly inconclusive evidence of environmental causation. Next, using a cross-cultural comparison of psychopathology rates among homosexuals, we challenge the ‘heterosexist rejection’ argument as the sole causative explanation for heightened psychological distress in LGBT populations. Finally, we discuss Spitzer’s (2003) treatment outcome research and conclude that change, though of unknown frequency, does occur for some individuals and reorientation therapy (offered with appropriate informed consent) should not be dismissed as a treatment option. We reaffirm our prior conclusion that scientific research does not warrant a revision of the Church’s historic position on homosexuality.

Author: Looy, Heather

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 317-331

Abstract: Is there a relationship between our identities as women and men, and the direction of our sexual desires? The gender inversion model suggests that persons with same-sex attraction are manifesting a trait characteristic of the other gender, and are therefore not fully masculine or feminine. Evidence for gender inversion, and three theories that incorporate this model in some form—neurohormonal, exotic-becomes-erotic, and reparative drive’are critically reviewed. The implications of the data and models for our understanding of gender and sexual identity, particularly for Christians, are discussed.

Authors: Throckmorton, Warren; Welton, Gary

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4),Win 2005, pp. 332-342

Abstract: Twenty-eight individuals who sought sexual reorientation counseling reported on their experiences with 80 therapists, providing information concerning the therapist’s use of various practices and the perceived helpfulness of each therapist. Thirteen of the practices were taken from prior studies of gay and lesbian clients and seven Were derived from counseling literature regarding sexual reorientation therapy. Participants preferred counselors who were knowledgeable about gay and lesbian issues, did not overfocus on sexual orientation, helped affirm an ex-gay identity, helped clients examine their development for possible reasons relating to the emergence of same-sex attractions, reframed the meaning of the emergence of same-sex attractions for identity, and suggested techniques to minimize same-sex attractions and enhance opposite-sex attractions. They did not judge as helpful counselors who attempted to affirm a gay identity. This is the first study designed to examine the helpfulness of particular therapist practices with clients seeking sexual reorientation.

Author: Brooke, Heather L.

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 343-351

Abstract: Five years following a groundbreaking symposium at the American Psychological Association’s annual conference, four mental health professionals come together to participate in an interview on what they learned from that experience. The original symposium addressed clinical services for persons who experience same-sex attraction and present with this as a clinical concern. Four different perspectives were offered at that time, two of which were from a gay-affirming perspective and two from a conservative religious perspective. Topics addressed in this interview include questions on insights gained from participating in the symposium, ways in which perspectives have changed since the conference, and future developments in the field.

Authors: Yarhouse, Mark A.; Brooke, Heather L.; Pisano, Paula; Tan, Erica S. N.

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 352-360

Abstract: In this pilot study we explored the experiences of young adults who identify as Christian and experience same-sex attraction. We considered attributions and ways of making meaning out of experiences of same-sex attraction in light of one’s Christian identity. Young adults in the earlier stages of identity development were interviewed as they would most likely be closer to early identity appraisal before making a definitive a commitment to a sexual identity. Interviewees responded to questions about their experiences of same-sex attraction, how they made meaning of their attractions, and how they shared their experiences with others, as well as perceptions of ways in which their community of faith has helped or hurt them with respect to experiences of same-sex attractions.

Author: Malony, H. Newton

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, p. p361-367

Abstract: The bases of authority for pastoral counselors and mental health professionals are compared. Pastoral counselors are not licensed by the state which uses a social definition of psychopathology to judge homosexuals as not a danger to self, others, or gravely disabled. Pastoral counselors are ordained by religious bodies who use divine will as a basis for judging homosexual behavior as incompatible with their teachings. While most associations of mental health professionals have expressed great reluctance to approve reparative therapy, the legitimacy of such a theological theory as a basis for counseling in a post-modern world is asserted. The tension experienced by licensed Christians between the recommendations of their associations and their religious convictions is addressed.

Author: McMinn, Lisa Graham

Journal of Psychology & Christianity, Vol. 24(4), Win 2005, pp. 368-377

Abstract: Most sexual identity development models disregard the importance of valuative frameworks and faith for young adults with same sex attraction. This article is a theoretical and pastoral attempt to outline practical considerations for Christian professors, staff, and laity who seek a new role, that of compassionate companion, or a supportive presence for Christian young adults with same sex attraction. Observations and recommendations are based on 11 years of teaching and mentoring college students, sexual identity development research, and a theological concept of our human will-to-relate.